Bare piezoelectric ceramic discs and buzzer elements without integrated drive circuitry that produce sound when driven by an external oscillating signal.

Piezo Bender 27mm 4.6kHz 30Vp-p External Drive

Piezo Element 20mm 6.5kHz 3-30V Wire Leads

Piezo Disc 35mm 2.8kHz 25Vp-p Feedback Type


Electret condenser and MEMS microphone elements that convert acoustic sound pressure into electrical signals, specified by sensitivity, impedance, and signal-to-noise ratio.


Electrodynamic and micro speaker transducers that convert electrical audio signals into audible sound, specified by impedance, rated power, and diaphragm size.

8Ω 0.5W 28mm Round Frame
4Ω 3W 40x28.5mm Rectangular
8Ω 1W 36mm Round 400Hz-20kHz


Add-on parts for circuit breakers such as auxiliary contacts, shunt trips, busbars, mounting hardware, and terminal covers rather than the breakers themselves.


General electromechanical protective switches that automatically interrupt current flow during overload or short-circuit faults and can be manually reset.


Supporting hardware for circuit protection devices, such as fuse holder covers, mounting clips, and insulating caps, that do not themselves provide protection.


Compact thermal or thermal-magnetic circuit breakers designed to protect individual equipment and appliances from overcurrent, often panel- or rocker-mounted in the device itself.


Clips, blocks, panel-mount holders, and PCB sockets that mechanically hold and electrically connect replaceable fuses of a given style and current rating.


Sacrificial overcurrent protection devices with a fusible element that melts to open the circuit, offered in cartridge, blade, bolt-in, and surface-mount chip styles.


Sealed gas-filled spark-gap surge arresters that ionize and clamp high-voltage transients such as lightning surges, specified by spark-over voltage, surge current, and pole count.


Protective breakers that detect earth-leakage current from line to ground and rapidly disconnect the circuit to prevent electric shock.


Power thermistors (typically NTC discs) placed in series with a supply to limit the surge of inrush current at power-on, specified by cold resistance and steady-state current.


DIN-rail mounted MCBs for low-voltage distribution boards that protect branch circuits against overload and short circuit, specified by rated current, trip curve, and breaking capacity.


DIN-rail breakers combining miniature circuit breaker overcurrent protection with residual-current (earth-leakage) protection in a single compact device.


DIN-rail RCCBs that trip on residual (earth-leakage) current imbalance between line and neutral but provide no overcurrent protection on their own.


Higher-current circuit breakers built into a molded insulating case (MCCBs) for main and feeder protection, typically rated from tens to hundreds of amperes with adjustable trips.


Circuit breakers with adjustable thermal overload and magnetic short-circuit trips tuned for direct protection and manual switching of motor loads.


AC power distribution units and surge protector strips or modules that pass mains power to multiple outlets while suppressing voltage transients.


One-shot thermal fuses that permanently open a circuit when ambient or device temperature exceeds a fixed rated cutoff, protecting against overheating faults.

102°C 10A 250V Axial
133°C 15A 250V Radial
240°C 2A 250V Axial Metal Case


Silicon avalanche diodes that clamp fast voltage transients such as ESD and surges to a safe level, offered in unidirectional and bidirectional versions.

5V Unidirectional 350W SOD-323
12V Bidirectional 600W SMB(DO-214AA)
24V Unidirectional 1500W SMC(DO-214AB)


Mains-voltage input and output connectors such as IEC inlets (C14, C6, C8) and outlets, often with integrated fuse holders, switches, or EMI filters.

IEC C14 Inlet 10A 250V Panel Mount Screw

IEC C14 Inlet 10A 250V With Fuse Holder and Switch Snap-In

IEC C8 Inlet 2.5A 250V Panel Mount Solder Lug


Mounting brackets, sealing gaskets, covers, and replacement parts for AC power entry modules and IEC inlet connectors.


Plug-format converters that adapt AC mains plugs from one regional outlet standard to another for international use, without changing voltage.

Universal to UK Plug Adapter 13A 250V Fused


High-density multi-row board-to-backplane connector systems used to mate daughtercards with a common backplane in modular rack equipment.

96P 3 Row 2.54mm Male Right Angle Through Hole

64P 2 Row 2.54mm Female Straight Through Hole


Individual crimp or press-fit metal contact pins and sockets, specified by wire gauge and plating, for loading into backplane connector housings.


Insulating multi-position bodies that hold backplane contacts in the correct row and pitch arrangement, specified by position count, pitch, and plating.


Standardized 2.54mm-pitch Eurocard rack connectors per DIN 41612 with 2 or 3 rows and up to 96+ positions, mating daughterboards to backplanes.


2mm-pitch hard metric backplane connectors (IEC 61076-4-101 style) with 5 to 7+ rows and high position counts for CompactPCI and telecom shelf systems.


Non-standard and proprietary high-density backplane interconnects that do not fit DIN 41612 or hard metric families, often with unusual pitches and very high pin counts.


Single-pole test and measurement connectors including banana plugs, banana jacks, and tip plugs used for instrument leads and bench wiring.

4mm Banana Jack 24A 1000V Panel Mount Solder

4mm Banana Plug 15A 30V Solderless Screw Termination


Supporting parts for banana and tip connectors such as insulating boots, colored washers, nuts, and replacement hardware.


Adapters that convert between banana/tip interfaces and other connector types or genders, such as banana-to-BNC or stacking banana adapters.


Panel-mount threaded terminal posts that clamp bare wire, spade lugs, or accept banana plugs, commonly used on power supplies and audio equipment.


Panel- and board-mount banana jacks and mating plugs sold as discrete single-pole connectors, specified by diameter, current rating, and mounting style.


Cylindrical DC power and audio barrel-style plugs and jacks defined by inner pin and outer barrel diameter, used for wall-adapter power input.

DC Power Jack 5.5x2.1mm 5A 24V Through Hole Right Angle

DC Power Plug 5.5x2.5mm 2A 12V Solder Cup


Phone-jack style audio connectors such as 3.5mm and 6.35mm headphone jacks and plugs with 2 to 4 conductors for analog audio signals.


Adapters that convert between barrel connector sizes, genders, or split one DC barrel input to multiple outputs.


Board- and panel-mount DC power jacks and plugs for delivering low-voltage supply power, specified by pin/barrel size, current, and voltage rating.


RF adapters that mate one coaxial connector series to a different series, such as SMA-to-BNC or N-to-SMA, preserving impedance across the transition.


Flat blade-and-receptacle power contacts and connector systems, including quick-disconnect tab interfaces, for carrying supply current between wires and boards.

Blade Receptacle 6.3mm Tab 15A Crimp 14-16 AWG

Blade Terminal 4.8mm Tab 10A PCB Through Hole

2 Position Blade Power Connector 6.2mm Pitch 20A


Supporting parts for blade power connectors, such as tab covers, locking clips, mounting ears, and polarizing keys.


Pre-assembled blade-type power connection assemblies, including battery holders and bases with blade-style contacts, ready for board mounting.


Individual crimp blade and receptacle metal contacts, specified by accepted wire gauge and plating, for insertion into blade power connector housings.


Insulating shells that hold crimped blade power contacts at a defined position count, pitch, and row arrangement for wire-to-wire or wire-to-board mating.


Connectors that mate directly with the plated finger pads on a PCB edge, such as PCIe, M.2, and gold-finger slots, specified by position count and pitch.

PCIe x16 Slot 164P 1mm Pitch Through Hole

M.2 (NGFF) Socket 67P 0.5mm Pitch Key M SMD

Card Edge Slot 36P 2.54mm Pitch Dual Row Through Hole


Round multi-pin connectors with threaded, bayonet, or push-pull coupling shells, including M8/M12 and aviation styles, for cable-to-panel and cable-to-cable connections.

M12 Circular Connector 4P Male Panel Mount 4A 250V IP67

M8 Circular Connector 3P Female Cable Mount 3A 60V


Supporting parts for circular connectors such as protective caps, sealing gaskets, cable glands, backshells, and mounting hardware.


Impedance-controlled RF coaxial plugs, jacks, and receptacles such as SMA, BNC, MMCX, U.FL, and N types for high-frequency signal connections.

SMA Female Jack 50Ω Panel Mount 18GHz
U.FL (IPEX) Receptacle 50Ω SMD 6GHz
BNC Male Plug 50Ω Crimp for RG58


Boxed sets containing an assortment of coaxial or inter-series connector adapters for lab and field use.


Loose crimp, solder, and press-fit metal terminal contacts sold separately from housings, specified by wire gauge, plating, and mating connector series.

Female Crimp Terminal Phosphor Bronze 18-22 AWG


Spring-loaded pogo pins and pressure-contact probes that make temporary electrical connections for charging docks, test fixtures, and board-to-board interfaces.


Stamped metal leadframe strips and carrier contacts used as raw interconnect elements in connector or package assembly.


General-purpose crimp terminals and contacts not tied to a specific connector series, usable across multiple housing types.


Trapezoid-shell D-subminiature and D-shaped connectors (DB9, DB15, DB25, etc.) with 2-3 rows of pins for serial, parallel, and I/O interfaces.

HDB15 Female 15P 3 Row Right Angle Through Hole


Ribbon-style Centronics and mini-Centronics (0.5mm SCSI-type) connectors with dual-row blade contacts in a D-shaped shell, used for parallel and SCSI interfaces.


Standard-density D-sub plugs and receptacles specified by position count, gender, mounting orientation, and current rating.


Supporting parts for D-sub connectors such as dust covers, gaskets, slide locks, and mounting brackets.


Gender changers and pin-count or wiring adapters that convert between D-sub connector configurations, such as DB9 male-to-male or null-modem adapters.


Metal or plastic hoods and backshells that enclose the rear of cable-mounted D-sub connectors, providing strain relief and shielding.


Individual crimp pin and socket contacts, specified by wire gauge and plating, for loading into crimp-style D-sub connector bodies.


Empty D-sub insulator shells that accept crimp contacts, specified by position count, gender, and panel or cable mounting style.


Threaded jackscrew fastener sets (typically 4-40 or M3) that secure mated D-sub connectors together on panels and cables.


D-sub format resistor termination plugs that terminate unused bus or SCSI ports with the correct line impedance.


Low-profile ZIF and non-ZIF connectors that terminate flat flexible cables and flexible printed circuits, specified by position count, pitch, and contact style.

FFC/FPC Connector 24P 0.5mm Pitch Bottom Contact Flip-Lock SMD Right Angle

FFC/FPC Connector 10P 1mm Pitch Top Contact Slide-Lock SMD

FFC/FPC Connector 40P 0.3mm Pitch Dual Contact ZIF SMD


Supporting parts for FFC/FPC connectors such as replacement actuator latches, stiffeners, and dust covers.


Complete FFC/FPC connector assemblies with actuator installed, specified by position count, pitch, contact orientation, and entry direction.


Individual crimp terminals and contact elements used with flat flexible cable connector systems.


Empty insulating housings for FFC/FPC connector systems that accept separately loaded contacts, specified by position count and pitch.

FFC Housing 6P 1mm Pitch Single Row
FPC Housing 12P 0.5mm Pitch
FFC Housing 20P 1.25mm Pitch Single Row


Optical fiber terminating connectors and receptacles such as LC, SC, FC, and ST types that align fiber ends for low-loss light coupling.

LC Simplex Connector Single-mode 9/125µm PC Polish

SC Duplex Connector Multimode 50/125µm UPC

FC Connector Single-mode 9/125µm APC Threaded


Supporting parts for fiber optic connectors such as dust caps, boots, ferrule sleeves, and polishing consumables.


Mating sleeves and hybrid adapters that couple two fiber optic connectors together or convert between connector styles, such as SC-to-LC couplers.


Pre-terminated fiber optic cable assemblies and pigtails with factory-polished connectors on one or both ends.


Unassembled fiber optic connector bodies and shells into which the fiber and ferrule are terminated in the field.

SC Connector Housing Single-mode 3mm Boot

ST Connector Housing 900µm Buffer Bayonet


Rugged modular rectangular industrial connectors with high current contacts, metal hoods, and locking levers for machinery power and signal wiring.

Heavy Duty Insert 16P 16A 500V Screw Termination

Heavy Duty Connector 6P 35A 690V Complete Set with Hood

Heavy Duty Insert 10P 16A 400V Crimp Termination


Supporting parts for heavy duty rectangular connectors such as sealing gaskets, protective covers, locking levers, and cable glands.


Complete pre-configured heavy duty connector sets combining hood, base, inserts, and contacts ready for cable installation.


Individual crimp or screw machined power contacts, specified by wire gauge and current rating, for loading into heavy duty connector inserts.


Metal carrier frames that hold multiple modular heavy duty inserts inside a common hood or base shell.


Metal enclosure hoods, bulkhead bases, and surface-mount housings that protect and mount heavy duty connector inserts, with cable entries and locking hardware.


Insulating contact-carrier inserts and modular blocks, specified by position count and current rating, that form the mating core of a heavy duty connector.


Snap-in keystone format jacks and modules that click into standardized rectangular wall-plate and patch-panel openings for network, audio, and video ports.

RJ45 Cat6 Keystone Jack Unshielded Punch-Down

RJ45 Cat5e Keystone Jack Shielded Tool-Free

HDMI Keystone Coupler Female-Female Snap-In


Supporting parts for keystone systems such as blank inserts, dust covers, labels, and mounting clips.


Wall plates, surface-mount boxes, and panel frames with standardized rectangular openings that accept snap-in keystone inserts.


Individual snap-in keystone modules such as RJ45, USB, HDMI, and coax couplers that install into keystone faceplates and panels.


High-voltage LGH-series single-contact connectors with insulated silicone housings used for kilovolt-level leads in laser, X-ray, and power supply equipment.

LGH Plug 1P 10kV DC Cable Mount
LGH Receptacle 1P 15kV DC Panel Mount
LGH Connector 1P 5kV DC In-Line Splice


Sockets that accept memory modules and cards, including DIMM/SODIMM slots and SD/microSD card connectors, specified by position count and card format.

DDR4 SODIMM Socket 260P 0.5mm Pitch Right Angle SMD

DDR3 DIMM Slot 240P Straight Through Hole


SMD sockets for dual/single inline memory modules (DIMM, SODIMM), specified by position count, pitch, and mounting angle.


Supporting parts for memory sockets such as card ejectors, dust covers, and retention latches.


Card-format sockets for removable media such as SD, microSD, and SIM cards, with push-push, push-pull, or hinged-lid ejection mechanisms.


Registered-jack modular telecom and network connectors (RJ45, RJ11, RJ12) including jacks, plugs, and magnetics-integrated versions.

RJ45 Jack 8P8C Shielded Through Hole Right Angle Cat5e


Supporting parts for modular/Ethernet connectors such as strain relief boots, dust covers, and plug latch protectors.


Couplers and format converters for modular connectors, such as RJ45 inline couplers and jack-to-jack adapters, including LED-equipped panel versions.


Board-mount RJ-style modular jacks without integrated magnetics, specified by position count, shielding, category rating, and mounting orientation.


RJ45 jacks with built-in isolation transformers and chokes (and often LEDs) that provide the Ethernet magnetics interface in a single board-mount part.


Empty plug shells and boots for modular connectors that are assembled onto cable with separate contacts or load bars.


Crimp-on modular cable plugs such as RJ45 and RJ11, specified by contact count, shielding, category rating, and plating.


Punch-down wiring blocks (66/110 style) and distribution modules for terminating and cross-connecting telecom and network cabling.


Supporting parts for patchbays and jack panels such as blank panels, designation strips, mounting hardware, and cable management bars.


Weatherproof locking DC connectors in the MC4 style used to interconnect photovoltaic panel strings, rated for high DC voltage and outdoor exposure.

MC4 Male-Female Pair 30A 1000V DC IP67 for 4mm² Cable

MC4 Y-Branch Connector 1-to-2 30A 1000V DC

PV Connector 50A 1500V DC IP68 for 6mm² Cable


Supporting parts for solar panel connectors such as unlocking spanner tools, sealing caps, replacement crimp contacts, and cable glands.

MC4 Crimp Contact Set for 2.5-6mm² Cable


Pre-terminated cable assemblies with photovoltaic connectors installed on solar-rated wire, ready for panel and string interconnection.


Two-piece mating plug-and-header connector systems (including pluggable terminal block plugs and card-format module connectors) that allow wiring or modules to be unplugged as a unit.

Pluggable Terminal Block Plug 4P 5.08mm Pitch 15A 300V Screw

mPCI-E Socket 52P 0.8mm Pitch SMD Right Angle

Pluggable Plug 2P 3.81mm Pitch 8A 300V Free Hanging


Supporting parts for pluggable connector systems such as latches, coding keys, strain relief, and hold-down hardware.


Complete pluggable card-edge socket assemblies such as mPCI-E and MXM module connectors, specified by position count, pitch, and mounting orientation.


General multi-pin rectangular housing-and-header connector families for wire-to-board, wire-to-wire, and board-to-board connections, specified by pitch, position count, and row configuration.

Rectangular Header 6P 2.54mm Pitch Single Row Through Hole 3A

Rectangular Housing 8P 2mm Pitch Dual Row Crimp

Rectangular Receptacle 20P 1.27mm Pitch Dual Row SMD


Fine-pitch mezzanine and edge-type board-to-board connector pairs that stack two PCBs in parallel, specified by position count, pitch, and stacking height.


Connector housings and headers that terminate discrete wires directly into a board-mounted receptacle without an intermediate cable connector.


Stacking headers, spacers, and elevated sockets that join parallel boards at a fixed separation while passing signals between them.


IDC ribbon-cable headers and free-hanging or panel-mount rectangular connectors that terminate flat cable via insulation displacement contacts.


Through-hole and SMD sockets that let ICs and transistors be inserted and removed without soldering, including DIP, PLCC, and machined-pin types.

DIP-28 IC Socket 2.54mm Pitch 600mil Machined Pin


Supporting parts for IC and transistor sockets such as extraction tools, dust covers, adapter pins, and retention clips.

IC Socket Pin Strip 2.54mm Pitch 40P Machined


Connectors purpose-built for LED lighting, including solderless LED strip connectors, COB holders, and module-to-driver wiring connectors.

LED Strip Connector 2P 8mm Width Solderless Clip

LED Module Connector 2P 4mm Pitch Push-In 9A


Board- and rail-mount insulated terminal blocks that clamp stripped wires with screw, spring, or push-in mechanisms for field wiring connections.

Screw Terminal Block 2P 5.08mm Pitch 16A 300V Through Hole

Spring Terminal Block 3P 3.5mm Pitch 10A 250V

DIN Rail Terminal Block 1P 32A 800V 4mm² Screw Clamp


Mating headers, plugs, and sockets for pluggable terminal block systems, specified by position count, pitch, and orientation.


DIN-rail interface modules that break out multi-pin cable connectors to rows of terminal blocks for PLC and control cabinet wiring.


Terminal block headers and connectors designed for mounting through equipment panels rather than directly on a PCB.


Power distribution terminal blocks and busbar-style splicing blocks that split a single heavy supply feed into multiple branch circuits.


Application-specific terminal block styles such as fuse-holding, disconnect, sensor, and thermocouple blocks that don't fit standard wire-to-board categories.


Supporting parts for terminal blocks such as end plates, jumper bars, marking tags, end brackets, and partition walls.

Terminal Block End Plate 2.5mm Gray
Jumper Bar 10 Position 5.08mm Pitch
DIN Rail End Bracket Screw-Fixed


Adapters that convert terminal block interfaces to other formats or reconfigure pitch and orientation between mating block halves.


Replacement metal clamp and contact elements used inside terminal block bodies.


PCB-mounted wire-to-board terminal blocks that solder to the board and clamp field wiring by screw or spring, specified by position count, pitch, and ratings.


Modular junction and feed-through terminal systems that gang individual terminal modules into distribution assemblies for harness break-outs.


Solder terminal strips and turret-post boards providing raised tie points for point-to-point wiring and prototype construction.


Crimp-on wire termination hardware including ring, spade, bullet, pin, and splice terminals, specified by wire gauge, stud size, and insulation.

Insulated Ring Terminal 16-22 AWG M4 Stud

Non-Insulated Spade Terminal 14-16 AWG M3.5 Stud

Butt Splice Connector 10-12 AWG Insulated


Cylindrical crimp bullet plugs and mating barrel receptacles that make single-wire quick disconnections, specified by bullet diameter and wire gauge.


Terminals designed to make electrical connection to thin conductive foils and flat braid rather than round wire.


Insulating sleeves, boots, and single-position housings that cover crimped terminals and quick-disconnects for insulation and strain relief.


Flat knife-blade style terminals that mate edge-on with matching receptacles for tool-free single-pole disconnection.


Heavy-gauge compression cable lugs with a barrel crimped or bolted onto large conductors and a flat tongue for stud mounting.


Crimp terminals engineered to pierce or displace enamel insulation on magnet wire, making connection without pre-stripping the coating.


Individual press-fit socket receptacles soldered into PCB holes that accept component leads or pins, allowing single-pin plug-in mounting.


Discrete solder-in board pins and single-post terminals that provide individual plug or test points on a PCB.


Faston-style quick-disconnect tab and receptacle terminals that push together for tool-free wire connections, specified by tab size and wire gauge.


Crimp terminals with a closed circular tongue that bolts around a stud for a secure, vibration-resistant connection, specified by wire gauge and stud size.


Terminals attached to the wire by a set screw or screw clamp rather than crimping, allowing reusable field termination.

Screw Clamp Terminal 16-22 AWG Tin Plated


Terminals with a solder-cup or perforated lug tongue intended for soldered wire attachment and stud or chassis mounting.


Open-ended fork/spade crimp terminals that slide around a stud without full removal of the nut, specified by wire gauge and stud size.


Special-purpose and non-standard terminal styles that do not fit conventional ring, spade, bullet, or pin categories.


Supporting parts for wire terminals such as insulating covers, marker sleeves, and terminal carriers.


Adapters that convert one terminal style or stud size to another, such as stud reducers and tab-to-ring converters.


Solder turret posts that press or swage into boards and chassis to provide multi-level wire tie points for point-to-point wiring.


Crimp pin terminals that give stranded wire a solid round pin end for insertion into screw clamps and sockets, specified by wire gauge.


In-line splice connectors, including crimp butt splices and insulation-displacement taps, that permanently join two or more wires.


Crimp terminal and housing systems for connecting discrete wires to board-mounted headers, specified by wire gauge, pitch, and plating.


Digital interface receptacles and plugs for USB (Type-A/B/C, Micro, Mini), DVI, HDMI, and DisplayPort connections, specified by version, position count, and mounting style.

USB-C Receptacle 16P USB 2.0 5A SMD Right Angle

USB Type-A Receptacle USB 3.0 9P Through Hole Right Angle

HDMI Type-A Receptacle 19P SMD Right Angle Shielded


Supporting parts for USB, DVI, and HDMI connectors such as dust covers, panel bezels, locking hardware, and shielding cans.


Adapters and couplers that convert between USB, DVI, and HDMI connector types, genders, or orientations.


Complete board-mount USB/HDMI/DVI receptacle assemblies, most commonly USB Type-C receptacles specified by position count and mounting orientation.


Two-terminal current-regulating diodes and transistor-based constant-current devices that hold a fixed current over a wide voltage range, often used for LED biasing.


Two-terminal semiconductor junction devices that conduct current in one direction, encompassing switching, rectifier, Schottky, and Zener types.

Fast Recovery Rectifier 600V 3A DO-201AD


Four-diode full-wave bridge packages that convert AC input to pulsating DC, specified by reverse voltage, average current, and package.


Power rectifier diodes optimized for AC-to-DC conversion, including standard, fast, and ultrafast recovery types rated by reverse voltage and forward current.

Fast Recovery Rectifier 400V 2A SMA(DO-214AC)


Diodes optimized for radio-frequency service, including PIN switch/limiter diodes, RF Schottky detector diodes, and mixer diodes usable into the GHz range.


Voltage-variable capacitance (varactor) diodes whose junction capacitance is tuned by reverse bias, used in VCOs and electronic tuning circuits.

Varactor 33pF@1V 30V SOD-323
Varactor 6.8pF@4V 28V SOT-23
Tuning Diode 100pF@1V 16V SOD-523


Reverse-biased breakdown diodes that clamp at a precise Zener voltage for voltage reference and regulation, specified by Zener voltage, tolerance, and power.


Junction field-effect transistors whose channel is controlled by reverse-biased gate voltage, valued for high input impedance and low noise in analog and RF front ends.


Integrated power stage modules combining gate drivers with power switches (MOSFET/IGBT half-bridges) in a single package for motor drive and power conversion.


Three-terminal PUT thyristor-like devices whose trigger voltage is set by an external resistor divider, used in relaxation oscillators and timing circuits.


Uncommon transistor configurations such as dual-emitter, matched-pair, and multi-collector BJTs in special packages that don't fit standard single-transistor categories.


Four-layer latching semiconductor switches including SCRs, TRIACs, DIACs, and SIDACs that remain conducting once triggered until current falls below holding level.

SCR 800V 16A TO-220AB
TRIAC 600V 8A Snubberless TO-220AB
DIAC 32V ±4V DO-35


Bidirectional trigger diodes (DIACs) and higher-voltage SIDACs that break over at a defined voltage to fire TRIACs and generate trigger pulses.


Unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers that latch on when gate-triggered, specified by blocking voltage, on-state current, and gate sensitivity.


High-current thyristor power modules packaging one or more SCR/diode pairs on an isolated baseplate for controlled rectification in industrial drives.


Bidirectional triode thyristors that switch AC in both polarities when gate-triggered, used for phase-control dimming and AC load switching.


Three-terminal semiconductor amplifying and switching devices as a broad family, covering bipolar, field-effect, and specialty transistor types.

NPN BJT 40V 200mA 300MHz SOT-23
N-Channel MOSFET 30V 5.8A 22mΩ SOT-23-3
PNP BJT 45V 500mA TO-92


Bipolar junction transistors (NPN and PNP) that amplify current via base drive, specified by collector-emitter voltage, collector current, gain, and package.


Voltage-controlled field-effect transistors, predominantly enhancement-mode power MOSFETs, specified by drain-source voltage, current, on-resistance, and package.

N-Channel 60V 30A 6.5mΩ TO-220
P-Channel 20V 4A 45mΩ SOT-23
N-Channel 650V 12A 380mΩ TO-247


Insulated-gate bipolar transistors combining MOSFET gate drive with bipolar conduction for high-voltage, high-current switching in inverters and motor drives.

650V 40A TO-247 With Anti-Parallel Diode


Supporting parts for air conditioning units such as mounting brackets, drain fittings, filters, and control panels.


Electronically commutated brushless DC axial and blower fans for equipment cooling, specified by supply voltage, frame size, airflow, and speed.

24V 0.3A 80x80x25mm Dual Ball Bearing Fan


Supporting parts for cooling fans such as mounting screws, vibration-damping mounts, cable adapters, and speed controllers.


Protective fan hardware including wire finger guards, dust filters with frames, and mesh sleeves sized to standard fan frames.


Extruded and stamped metal heat dissipators that mount to power components to increase radiating surface area, specified by dimensions and thermal resistance.


Supporting parts for electric heaters such as mounting hardware, thermostats, terminal covers, and replacement elements.


Electric heating devices such as enclosure heaters, PTC heater elements, and cartridge heaters used to warm cabinets and equipment.


Thermally conductive interface pads and sheet materials cut or die-punched to transfer heat between components and heat sinks while filling gaps.


Soft silicone-based thermal gap filler pads placed between hot components and heatsinks or enclosures, specified by thickness and thermal conductivity.


Solid-state Peltier-effect thermoelectric cooler modules that pump heat between faces when DC current is applied, specified by size, current, and ΔT.


Application-specific audio ICs such as digital audio transceivers, sample rate converters, and audio processors beyond simple amplifiers.


ICs that generate, condition, and distribute timing signals, including oscillators, PLL synthesizers, clock buffers, and real-time clocks.

Clock Generator 200MHz 4 Output 3.3V TSSOP-20

PLL Frequency Synthesizer 4.4GHz SPI LFCSP-32(5x5)


Timing ICs tailored to specific standards or applications, such as PCIe clock generators and DDR register clocks, rather than general-purpose clock parts.


Fan-out ICs that replicate an input clock to multiple low-skew outputs, optionally with level translation, specified by output count and maximum frequency.

1:4 Clock Buffer 200MHz LVCMOS 3.3V TSSOP-16

2:8 Clock Fanout 350MHz LVDS 2.5V TSSOP-24


Frequency synthesis ICs using phase-locked loops to generate programmable or multiplied clock frequencies from a reference, up to RF ranges.


Timer and oscillator ICs (555-style and programmable types) whose frequency or delay is set by external components or digital programming.


Battery-backed calendar and clock ICs that keep time-of-day and date over I2C/SPI, often with integrated crystal and alarm functions.


Signal-chain ICs that convert and condition real-world analog signals, including ADCs, DACs, analog front ends, and digital potentiometers.

Digital Potentiometer 10kΩ 256-Tap SPI SOIC-8


Converter ICs designed for a specific application context, such as energy metering AFE-ADCs and video DACs, rather than general-purpose conversion.


Integrated analog front-end ICs combining amplification, filtering, and conversion for sensor and measurement chains such as ECG, metering, and data acquisition.


General-purpose ADC ICs that digitize analog voltages, specified by resolution, channel count, architecture (SAR, sigma-delta), sample rate, and interface.


Digitally controlled potentiometer ICs that set resistance via I2C, SPI, or up/down interfaces, specified by end-to-end resistance, taps, and tolerance.


General-purpose DAC ICs that convert digital codes to analog voltage or current, specified by resolution, settling time, channel count, and interface.


Controller ICs that measure and digitize resistive or capacitive touch panel inputs and report coordinates over a digital interface.


Programmable processing and logic ICs including microcontrollers, DSPs, FPGAs, and CPLDs that execute code or implement configurable digital logic.

ARM Cortex-M0 32-Bit 48MHz 32KB Flash LQFP-48

DSP 456MHz Fixed/Floating Point LQFP-176


Microcontrollers integrating application-specific peripherals such as radio, motor control, or metering front ends alongside the CPU core.


Non-volatile complex programmable logic devices with macrocell-based architectures for instant-on glue logic, specified by macrocell count and package.


Processors with architectures optimized for real-time numeric signal processing such as filtering, FFTs, and audio/video codecs.


SRAM-based field programmable gate arrays offering large configurable logic fabrics, specified by logic element count, I/O count, and package.


Hybrid devices combining an FPGA fabric with a hard microcontroller core on one chip for mixed software-plus-logic designs.


General-purpose single-chip microcontrollers combining CPU core, flash, RAM, and peripherals, specified by architecture, bit width, clock speed, and I/O count.


Board-level modules integrating a microcontroller, microprocessor, or FPGA with supporting memory and power circuitry, sold as a plug-in computing unit rather than a bare chip.


Application processor chips (typically ARM Cortex-A class) that require external memory and boot storage, distinguished from microcontrollers by running full operating systems.


Classic simple programmable logic devices such as GALs and EEPLD parts with sum-of-product architectures for small glue-logic functions.


Highly integrated single-chip systems combining processor cores with graphics, memory interfaces, and peripheral subsystems for complete embedded platforms.


ICs that manage data communication between systems, including serial transceivers (RS-232/485, CAN, USB), codecs, analog switches, and I/O expanders.

RS-485 Transceiver 3.3V 20Mbps SOIC-8
CAN Transceiver 5V 1Mbps SOIC-8
16-Bit I2C I/O Expander TSSOP-24


Analog switch ICs optimized for specific signal paths such as USB, HDMI, and audio switching rather than general-purpose signal routing.


General-purpose CMOS analog switch, multiplexer, and demultiplexer ICs that route analog signals, specified by channel configuration, on-resistance, and supply range.


Combined analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog coder-decoder ICs, primarily audio codecs, specified by sample rate, resolution, and control interface.


Direct digital synthesis ICs that generate programmable-frequency sine and other waveforms from a digital phase accumulator and reference clock.


Line driver, receiver, and transceiver ICs implementing wired interface standards such as RS-232, RS-485, CAN, and LVDS, specified by data rate and protection level.


ICs that encode, decode, or convert data formats and protocols between interface standards, such as serializers and protocol converters.


Active filter ICs with switched-capacitor or continuous-time topologies providing programmable lowpass, highpass, and bandpass responses without external inductors.


Port expander ICs that add GPIO pins controlled over I2C or SPI, specified by I/O count and interface.


Analog linear ICs that process continuous signals, encompassing operational amplifiers, comparators, and other amplification and conditioning functions.

Dual Op-Amp Rail-to-Rail 1MHz 2.7-5.5V SOIC-8

Instrumentation Amplifier 1MHz Gain 1-1000 SOIC-8


Amplifier ICs including op-amps, instrumentation, audio power, and specialty amplifiers, specified by bandwidth, supply range, noise, and channel count.

Dual Op-Amp 10MHz Rail-to-Rail 1.8-5.5V MSOP-8

Class-D Audio Amplifier 3W Mono 2.5-5.5V DFN-8

Precision Op-Amp 1MHz 25µV Offset SOT-23-5


Video signal processing ICs such as video amplifiers, filter-drivers, sync separators, and analog video encoders/decoders.

Video Amplifier 200MHz 6dB Gain SOT-23-5

Triple Video Filter Driver 8th-Order SOIC-8


Standard digital logic ICs (74/4000 series families) implementing gates, flip-flops, counters, registers, and bus functions in fixed configurations.

Quad 2-Input NAND Gate 2-6V SOIC-14
Octal D Flip-Flop 3-State 2-6V TSSOP-20
Hex Schmitt Inverter 2-6V SOIC-14


First-in-first-out buffer memory ICs that queue data between asynchronous or different-rate systems, specified by depth, width, and access speed.


Edge-triggered D and JK flip-flop logic ICs for storage and synchronization, specified by supply range, bit count, and propagation delay.


Basic combinational logic gate and inverter ICs (AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, buffers), including Schmitt-trigger input versions.


Single- and dual-gate logic ICs whose function (AND/OR/XOR/inverter) is configured by input pin strapping, in tiny packages for glue logic.


Transparent level-sensitive latch ICs that pass or hold data based on an enable signal, specified by bit count, supply range, and delay.


Digital magnitude comparator ICs that compare two binary words and output equality or greater/less-than relationships.


Monostable and astable multivibrator logic ICs that produce single timed pulses or free-running square waves from RC timing components.


Logic ICs that generate or verify parity bits over multi-bit data words for error detection.


Serial/parallel shift register ICs used for data conversion and I/O expansion, specified by bit count, direction options, and output type.


Digital multiplexer, demultiplexer, and decoder logic ICs that select between or route digital signals, specified by channel configuration and speed.


Uncommon fixed-function logic ICs such as arbiters, redrivers, and special sequencing functions that don't fit standard gate or register categories.


Bidirectional and unidirectional voltage level translator ICs that interface logic operating at different supply voltages, specified by channel count and voltage ranges.

4-Channel Bidirectional Level Shifter 1.2-3.6V to 1.65-5.5V TSSOP-14

8-Bit Level Translator Auto-Direction 1.65-5.5V TSSOP-20

2-Channel I2C Level Shifter 1.2-5.5V SOT-23-6


Wide multi-bit bus interface logic ICs combining latch, register, and transceiver functions (16-32 bit) for data bus buffering.


Semiconductor data storage ICs including volatile SRAM/DRAM and non-volatile flash, EEPROM, and FRAM in serial and parallel interfaces.

SPI NOR Flash 128Mbit 133MHz SOIC-8
I2C EEPROM 256Kbit 1MHz SOIC-8
SRAM 4Mbit 10ns Parallel TSOP-44


Serial PROM/flash memory ICs dedicated to storing and loading FPGA configuration bitstreams at power-up.


High-density memory chips such as DDR SDRAM, LPDDR, eMMC, and NAND flash used as main and mass storage in embedded systems.


Controller ICs that manage memory device interfaces, including DRAM controllers and flash translation controllers.


Power management ICs that convert, regulate, and supervise supply power, including switching and linear regulators, battery chargers, and supervisors.

Buck Converter 3A 4.5-17V Adjustable 500kHz SOT-23-6

Voltage Supervisor 3.08V Active-Low Reset SOT-23-3


Offline switcher and AC-DC controller ICs, typically with integrated high-voltage MOSFET, implementing flyback and forward converters directly from rectified mains.


Charger ICs that manage constant-current/constant-voltage charging of lithium and other battery chemistries, specified by input range, charge current, and cell count.


Battery protection, fuel gauge, cell balancing, and monitoring ICs that supervise battery packs beyond basic charging.


ICs that limit, regulate, or monitor current flow, including constant-current regulators, current-limit switches, and current sense controllers.


Switching regulator controller ICs that drive external power MOSFETs for buck, boost, and other DC-DC topologies, specified by topology, voltage range, and frequency.


Driver ICs that multiplex and drive segment/dot LCD and LED display panels, specified by segment count, interface, and supply range.


Metering AFE and computation ICs that measure voltage, current, and accumulated energy for electricity meters and power monitors.


Integrated full- and half-bridge driver ICs, often with power stages included, for driving motors and inductive loads bidirectionally.


High-current driver ICs that switch power MOSFET and IGBT gates rapidly, specified by drive current, supply range, and channel configuration.


Controller ICs that manage safe insertion of boards into live power buses by soft-starting current and providing fault protection.


Driver ICs that provide the controlled bias and modulation current required to operate laser diodes safely.


Constant-current driver ICs for powering LEDs, offered in linear and switching (buck/boost) topologies with PWM or analog dimming, specified by output current.


Controller ICs for fluorescent ballasts, HID lamps, and general lighting power stages including dimming control.


Integrated driver and controller ICs for brushed DC, stepper, and BLDC motors, combining control logic with power output stages.


Ideal diode controllers and integrated MOSFET ORing ICs that replace power diodes with near-zero drop reverse-blocking for supply ORing and reverse protection.


Boost controller ICs that shape mains input current to correct power factor in AC-DC supplies, operating in CrM, CCM, or DCM modes.


Integrated load switch and high-side power distribution ICs with controlled slew, current limiting, and fault reporting for switching supply rails to loads.


Application-specific power management ICs such as multi-rail PMUs and sequencers tailored to particular processors or subsystems.


PSE and PD controller ICs implementing IEEE 802.3 Power over Ethernet detection, classification, and power delivery over network cabling.


Supervisory and secondary-side controller ICs that monitor, sequence, and regulate power supply operation, including feedback and housekeeping functions.


Converter ICs that compute the true RMS value of an AC input signal and output a proportional DC level for measurement applications.


Regulator ICs built for niche supply tasks such as VCOM drivers, terminator regulators, and other application-specific rails.


Voltage supervisor and reset ICs that monitor supply rails and assert reset below threshold, specified by threshold voltage, timeout, and output polarity.


Temperature sensing and fan control ICs that monitor thermal conditions and manage cooling responses over digital interfaces.


Voltage-to-frequency and frequency-to-voltage converter ICs that translate between analog levels and proportional pulse frequencies for isolation and measurement.


Precision series and shunt voltage reference ICs providing a stable output voltage, specified by voltage, initial accuracy, and temperature drift.


Monolithic switching regulator ICs with integrated power switches for buck, boost, and buck-boost conversion, specified by output current, voltage range, and frequency.


Combination regulator ICs integrating both switching and linear regulator stages, or multiple mixed outputs, in a single package.


Linear regulator controller ICs that drive an external pass transistor to regulate output voltage where the required current exceeds monolithic capability.


Low dropout linear regulator ICs that regulate with minimal input-output headroom, specified by output voltage, current, dropout, and quiescent current.


Miscellaneous function-specific ICs such as unique-ID chips, chaos/encryption functions, and other parts that fit no standard IC category.


Capacitive or magnetic isolation ICs that transfer digital signals across a galvanic barrier, specified by channel count, data rate, and isolation voltage.


Gate driver ICs with integrated galvanic isolation that safely drive high-side and bridge power switches referenced to floating potentials.


Optically coupled isolators using an LED and photodetector to transfer signals across an insulation barrier, with transistor, logic, or triac outputs.

Transistor Output 5kVrms CTR 50-600% DIP-4

High-Speed Logic Output 10Mbps 3.75kVrms SOIC-8

Triac Output Zero-Cross 600V 5kVrms DIP-6


High-speed optocouplers with integrated logic-level output stages for clean digital signal isolation at Mbps rates.


Optocouplers with phototransistor or photovoltaic (photo-MOS driving) outputs for general signal isolation and solid-state relay gate drive.


Optically triggered triac and SCR output couplers, often with zero-crossing detection, that isolate control signals for switching AC mains loads.


Isolation devices for specialized functions such as isolated amplifiers, isolated ADC interfaces, and other non-standard isolation channels.


PCB-mount LED indicator assemblies, multi-LED arrays, light bars, and bar-graph display packages for status indication.


LED backlight panels and assemblies that provide uniform illumination behind LCD display modules.


Driver and controller ICs that generate the multiplexed drive waveforms for LCD panels and small monitors, handling segment/common driving and display RAM.

LCD Controller 132x64 Dot Matrix SPI/I2C COG


In-line optical attenuators that insert a fixed or variable dB loss into a fiber link to prevent receiver overload.


Photodetector receiver modules with amplification that convert incoming fiber optic light into electrical data signals.


Optical switching and wavelength multiplexing/demultiplexing components that route or combine light paths between fibers.


Combined transmitter-receiver optical modules (including SFP-style and board-mount types) providing bidirectional fiber data links.


Discrete LED and laser emitter components with fiber-coupled packages that transmit light into optical fiber without built-in drive electronics.


Fiber optic transmitter modules with integrated driver circuitry that accept logic-level data and directly modulate the internal emitter.


Filament incandescent and gas-discharge neon indicator lamps, typically wire-lead or bayonet types for panel and instrument illumination.


Semiconductor laser diode components and complete laser modules with collimating optics, specified by wavelength, power, and package.


Character and numeric LCD/OLED display modules with fixed alphanumeric segments or character cells and built-in controller interfaces.


Pixel-addressable graphic LCD and OLED display modules, specified by resolution, controller, and interface.


Intelligent LEDs with built-in control ICs (individually addressable RGB types) that chain on a serial data line for pixel-level color control.


Seven-segment and alphanumeric LED display modules with one or more digits, specified by color, digit count, and common anode/cathode wiring.


Integrated LED light sources including chip-on-board arrays, light engines, modules, and flexible strips for illumination applications.


High-brightness colored (non-white) SMD LEDs in lighting-class packages for decorative, signal, and stage color illumination.


LED matrix display modules arranging LEDs in row-column grids (e.g. 8x8) with common anode/cathode multiplexed wiring.


Discrete LED emitter dies and packages spanning infrared, ultraviolet, and visible wavelengths, specified by wavelength, radiant intensity, and beam angle.


Standard discrete indicator LEDs in through-hole and SMD packages, specified by color, forward voltage, and package size.


White-emitting SMD LEDs in lighting packages (2835, 3528, 3030, etc.), specified by forward voltage, luminous flux, and color temperature.


Molded optical lenses that mount over LEDs to shape and focus the emitted beam pattern.


Rigid and flexible light guide components that pipe LED light from board-mounted sources to panel-front indicator points.


Spacer and standoff hardware that positions LEDs and optical components at a fixed height and alignment on the PCB.


Supporting parts for optoelectronic components such as mounting hardware, sockets, bezels, and holders.


Mirror-finish reflector optics that surround LEDs to collect and redirect light into a controlled beam for lighting fixtures.

Reflector Cup 15mm 60° Beam Self-Adhesive


Vacuum fluorescent display modules with phosphor-lit segments or characters, offering high brightness and wide viewing angles, specified by size and interface.


Xenon flash tubes and arc lamps that produce intense broadband light pulses for strobe, photography, and warning beacon applications.

Xenon Flash Tube 4Ws U-Shape 300V Trigger 4kV

Xenon Flash Tube 20Ws Straight 45mm 300-450V

Xenon Strobe Tube 6Ws Horseshoe Wire Leads


Two-terminal passive charge-storage components across all dielectric technologies, including ceramic, electrolytic, film, tantalum, and supercapacitor types.

470µF ±20% 25V Aluminum Electrolytic 8x11.5mm


Aluminum capacitors using conductive polymer (or hybrid polymer-liquid) electrolyte for very low ESR and long life, in SMD and radial packages.


Polarized wet-electrolyte aluminum capacitors providing high capacitance per volume for bulk filtering, specified by capacitance, voltage, ESR, and can size.


Multiple capacitors integrated into a single package as networks or arrays, sharing common terminals for space-saving decoupling and filtering.

4x100nF 16V X7R 0804 Array
2x22pF 50V C0G 0504 Array
4x10nF 25V X7R 1206 Array


Multilayer ceramic chip and disc capacitors with class 1 (C0G/NP0) or class 2 (X7R, X5R) dielectrics, specified by capacitance, voltage, dielectric, and case size.


Supercapacitors storing charge in an electric double layer, achieving farad-level capacitance at low voltage for backup power and energy buffering.


Capacitors with plastic film dielectrics (polyester, polypropylene) including X2/Y safety-rated types for mains filtering, valued for stability and self-healing.


Precision capacitors with mica or PTFE dielectrics offering excellent stability, low loss, and high voltage tolerance for RF and precision circuits.


AC-rated film capacitors for starting and running single-phase induction motors, specified by capacitance, AC voltage, and temperature range.


Polarized capacitors using niobium oxide anodes as a tantalum alternative with benign failure mode, in molded chip cases.


Precision capacitors fabricated on silicon substrates offering ultra-stable, low-parasitic capacitance in miniature packages for RF and medical uses.


Tantalum capacitors with conductive polymer cathodes providing much lower ESR than standard MnO2 types, in molded chip cases.


Polarized solid tantalum chip capacitors offering high volumetric capacitance and stability, specified by capacitance, voltage, ESR, and case code.


Precision film-dielectric capacitors with tight tolerance and stable characteristics for timing, filtering, and audio signal paths.


Mechanically adjustable trimmer capacitors whose capacitance is tuned by screw rotation for circuit alignment, specified by capacitance range, Q, and voltage.


Frequency control components including quartz crystals, complete oscillator modules, and ceramic resonators that set circuit timing references.

Ceramic Resonator 4MHz ±0.5% Built-in Caps SMD


Supporting parts for frequency control devices such as crystal sockets, insulating pads, and holder hardware.


Passive quartz crystal resonator units that vibrate at a precise frequency, specified by frequency, frequency tolerance, load capacitance, and package.


Complete active oscillator modules combining crystal and drive circuitry to output a ready clock signal, specified by frequency, output logic type, and supply voltage.


Oscillator modules whose output frequency is selected from preset options by strapping configuration pins.


Factory- or field-programmable oscillator modules whose output frequency is set within a wide range at programming time rather than fixed by the crystal.


Ceramic piezoelectric resonators, often with built-in load capacitors, providing lower-cost, lower-precision clock references than quartz crystals.


Standalone programming devices used to configure blank programmable oscillators outside the target circuit.

Oscillator Field Programmer 1-110MHz Range USB

Blank Oscillator Programmer Kit with Socket Adapters

Handheld Crystal Oscillator Programmer 1-200MHz


Voltage-controlled oscillator modules whose output frequency is tuned by an analog control voltage, used in PLLs and RF synthesis.


Passive frequency-selective and EMI suppression components including ferrite beads, common mode chokes, ceramic/SAW filters, and power line filter modules.

Common Mode Choke 10mH 1.2A 2-Line Through Hole


Clamp-on and slide-on ferrite cores that fit over cable bundles to suppress common-mode RF noise on external wiring.


Ceramic dielectric filter components providing fixed lowpass, bandpass, or trap responses for IF and RF signal chains.


Dual- or multi-winding chokes that present high impedance to common-mode noise while passing differential signals or power, specified by impedance/inductance and current.


Integrated LC and RC filter networks in chip or module form that suppress EMI/RFI on signal and power lines.

LC EMI Filter 3-Terminal 2A 100nF+2x1nH 1206

RC Filter Network 100Ω/220pF 4-Circuit 0805x4


Three-terminal capacitors whose through-conductor geometry shunts high-frequency noise to ground with minimal inductance, for supply line filtering.

Feed Through Capacitor 1nF 2A 50V 0805 3-Terminal

Feed Through Capacitor 100nF 300mA 16V 0603

Panel Mount Feedthrough 4.7nF 10A 250V Threaded


Chip ferrite beads that present frequency-dependent resistance to absorb high-frequency noise on power and signal lines, specified by impedance at 100MHz, current, and DCR.


Supporting parts for filter components such as mounting hardware, covers, and terminal accessories.


Multi-pole monolithic crystal filter units providing narrow bandpass responses at IF frequencies with quartz stability.


Complete mains input filter modules combining chokes and capacitors, often with IEC inlet, to suppress conducted EMI on AC power lines.


Fixed-tuned RF bandpass, lowpass, and highpass filters in chip and module form for radio frequency band selection.

Bandpass Filter 2.4GHz 100MHz BW SMD 2x1.25mm

Bandpass Filter 915MHz 26MHz BW SMD 3x3mm


Surface acoustic wave filters providing sharp fixed bandpass responses at RF frequencies for wireless receiver and transmitter front ends.


Passive magnetic energy-storage components including fixed power inductors, RF chip inductors, and wirewound chokes, specified by inductance, current, and DCR.

10µH ±20% 3A 45mΩ SMD 5x5mm Shielded
100nH ±5% 300mA 0402 Multilayer
220µH ±10% 1.2A Radial Through Hole


Inductors with a movable ferrite slug that allows the inductance to be mechanically tuned for circuit alignment.


Multi-winding inductor arrays and coupled signal magnetics used for filtering, coupled-inductor converters, and signal isolation.


Analog and silicon delay line components that shift signals by a fixed or programmable time interval, specified by delay range and interface.


Fixed-value inductors in SMD and through-hole formats, from power chokes to toroids, specified by inductance, tolerance, saturation current, and DCR.


Flat spiral litz-wire coil assemblies with ferrite shielding for Qi-style inductive power transmitter and receiver applications.


Component parts for building custom magnetics, including ferrite cores, bobbins, and magnet wire, rather than finished inductors or transformers.

Ferrite Core E25/13/7 PC40 Material Pair

Enameled Copper Magnet Wire 0.5mm 155°C Grade 2


Plastic coil former bobbins, mounting clips, and assembly hardware for winding custom transformers and inductors on standard core shapes.


Bare ferrite magnetic cores in E, toroid, pot, and rod shapes used to build transformers and inductors, specified by geometry and material grade.


Enamel-insulated solid copper winding wire for coils, transformers, and motor windings, specified by conductor diameter and insulation temperature class.


Mechanically adjustable resistive components including rotary, slide, and trimmer potentiometers and rheostats, specified by resistance, taper, and power rating.

10kΩ Trimmer 250mW Top Adjust SMD 4.5x4.5mm


High-power wirewound resistors with a sliding tap band that allows the effective resistance to be adjusted, in chassis-mount tubular bodies.


Shaft-operated rotary potentiometers and rheostats for panel controls, specified by resistance, taper, power rating, and shaft style.


Calibrated dial knobs with graduated scales that mount on potentiometer shafts for repeatable setting indication.


Linear-travel slide potentiometers used for fader and level controls, specified by resistance, travel length, and taper.


Edge-adjusted thumbwheel potentiometers operated by a knurled wheel for compact panel-edge adjustments.


Small screw-adjusted trimmer potentiometers for infrequent circuit calibration, in SMD and through-hole packages, specified by resistance and adjustment style.


Potentiometers with a built-in numeric counting dial that displays the current setting, typically multi-turn precision types.


Two-terminal fixed resistive components across chip, through-hole, current-sense, network, and power styles, specified by resistance, tolerance, power, and package.

10kΩ ±1% 100mW 0603
1Ω ±5% 2W Metal Oxide Axial
50mΩ ±1% 2W 2512 Current Sense


High-power wirewound resistors in metal housings that bolt to a chassis or heatsink for dissipation, typically rated 10W to hundreds of watts.


Standard SMD thick- and thin-film chip resistors in EIA case sizes, specified by resistance, tolerance, power rating, and case size.


Very low ohmic-value precision resistors optimized for current measurement via voltage drop, with low TCR and high pulse-power capability.


Assorted boxed or booked sets of resistors spanning many standard values for prototyping and repair work.

0603 Chip Resistor Kit 1% 170 Values x50pcs

1/4W Through Hole Kit 5% E12 Series 30 Values


Multiple matched resistors integrated in one package as isolated or bussed networks, commonly 4-element chip arrays for pull-ups and terminations.


Supporting hardware for resistors such as mounting brackets, heatsink clips, and terminal lugs for power resistor installation.

Mounting Bracket for 50W Chassis Resistor

Ceramic Standoff for 10W Wirewound Resistor


Non-standard resistor constructions such as metal-element shunts in the sub-milliohm range and other special-purpose resistive elements.


Axial-leaded fixed resistors (carbon film, metal film, metal oxide) for through-hole assembly, specified by resistance, tolerance, power, and body size.


PCB-mounted power conversion modules including isolated DC-DC bricks, encapsulated AC-DC modules, and board-level LED driver modules.

Isolated DC-DC Module 5V 1A 4.5-9V Input SIP-4 1kV Isolation

AC-DC Module 5V 600mA 85-305VAC Input Encapsulated PCB Mount

DC-DC Module 12V 500mA 9-18V Input DIP-24 1.5kV Isolation


Encapsulated board-mount AC-DC converter modules that rectify and regulate mains input to an isolated low-voltage DC output, specified by output voltage, current, and input range.


Supporting parts for board-mount power modules such as heatsinks, mounting clips, and evaluation sockets.


Board-mount DC-DC converter modules, isolated and non-isolated, that convert one DC voltage to another, specified by output voltage, current, input range, and isolation.


Board-mount constant-current LED driver modules that power LED strings from a DC input, specified by topology, input range, and output current.


Complete enclosed power supply units used off-board, including desktop adapters, enclosed frame supplies, DIN-rail units, and UPS systems.

Enclosed AC-DC Supply 24V 6.5A 150W 85-264VAC

Desktop Adapter 12V 5A 60W 5.5x2.1mm Plug

DIN Rail Supply 24V 10A 240W Single Phase


Wall-plug transformers that step mains AC voltage down to a lower AC output voltage without rectification, for AC-powered devices.

AC-AC Wall Adapter 24VAC 1A 50/60Hz
AC-AC Wall Adapter 12VAC 2A US Plug
AC-AC Wall Adapter 9VAC 500mA EU Plug


Factory-assembled modular power supplies built from a configurable chassis populated with selected output modules to customer specification.


Empty rack or case frames with input stage that accept plug-in output modules to form configurable multi-output power systems.


Plug-in output converter modules that install into configurable power supply chassis to provide specific voltage and current rails.


Enclosed and open-frame AC-DC converter units used outside the host PCB, wired to equipment rather than soldered to a board.


External AC-DC power adapters in wall-plug and desktop brick formats that convert mains to regulated DC over an output cord, specified by voltage, current, and plug.


ATX and similar multi-rail switching power supply units that power desktop and industrial computers from mains input.

ATX Power Supply 650W 80+ Bronze 100-240VAC

SFX Power Supply 450W Modular 100-240VAC


Power inverter units that convert DC battery or supply voltage into AC mains-level output, specified by input voltage, output power, and waveform type.


Off-board DC-DC converter units in enclosed or potted formats that are wired between DC systems rather than soldered onto the host PCB.


Bench and enclosed regulated DC output power supply units for lab, test, and system power, specified by output voltage, current, and regulation.


Supporting parts for external and internal power supplies such as DC output cords, mounting brackets, terminal covers, and connector kits.


Enclosed switching power supplies with DIN-rail or panel mounting for industrial control cabinets, specified by output voltage, power, and input phase.


Enclosed constant-current or constant-voltage LED power supply units that drive lighting fixtures from mains input, typically IP-rated for luminaire use.


PoE injector, splitter, and midspan units that add or extract DC power carried over Ethernet cabling per IEEE 802.3 standards.


Battery-backed power systems that maintain AC output to connected equipment during mains failure, specified by VA/watt capacity and topology.


Rugged electromechanical relays with 12V/24V coils and blade terminals designed for vehicle electrical loads and under-hood conditions.


Heavy-duty electromechanical switching contactors with coil-driven main contacts for motor and high-power load control, specified by coil voltage and contact rating.


Semiconductor-based contactors that switch high-power AC loads with no moving contacts, offering silent long-life operation.


Impedance-controlled relays optimized for switching RF and high-frequency signals with low insertion loss and high isolation into the GHz range.


General-purpose plug-in and flange-mount electromechanical relays for control panel and machine automation duty, often used with matching sockets.


Electromechanical relays with contacts rated for ampere-level mains loads, specified by contact form, coil voltage, and contact current.


Relays using hermetically sealed reed switch contacts actuated by a coil, offering fast switching and high insulation resistance, including high-voltage types.


Assembled relay boards combining one or more relays with drive circuitry, indicators, and terminals for direct control-signal interfacing.


Mating sockets and bases that accept plug-in relays for tool-free replacement, in PCB and DIN-rail styles.


Relay-based switching devices and prewired relay switch units for load control applications.


Supporting parts for relays such as hold-down clips, marking tags, protection diode modules, and mounting hardware.


Force-guided contact relays with mechanically linked NO and NC contacts for fault-detectable switching in machine safety circuits.


Small low-level relays for switching signal currents up to about 2A, typically DPDT in compact SMD or through-hole packages.


Optically isolated semiconductor relays (photoMOS/photorelay and triac types) that switch loads with no mechanical contacts, specified by load voltage, current, and form.


Fixed and digitally controlled step attenuator components that reduce RF signal amplitude by a set dB value across a specified frequency range.


Balanced-to-unbalanced RF transformer components that convert between differential and single-ended signal paths with defined impedance ratio and frequency range.


Supporting parts for RF systems such as shield clips, test point hardware, and coaxial terminations that don't fit other RF categories.


RF gain-block, LNA, and PA amplifier ICs, specified by frequency range, gain, noise figure, output power, and supply.


Antenna components in chip, PCB, whip, and external formats for wireless bands, specified by frequency, gain, and mounting.


Ferrite non-reciprocal RF components that pass signals in one rotational direction, protecting transmitters from reflected power.


ICs that recover baseband information from modulated RF/IF carriers, including quadrature and I/Q demodulators.


Logarithmic and RMS RF power detector ICs that output a level proportional to input RF power, specified by dynamic range and accuracy.


Passive four-port RF components that tap a defined fraction of forward or reverse signal power for monitoring, specified by coupling factor and frequency range.

Directional Coupler 20dB 800MHz-2.5GHz 50Ω SMD 3.2x1.6mm

Bidirectional Coupler 30dB 100MHz-1GHz 50Ω SMD 6x4mm


Integrated RF front-end ICs combining a low-noise receive amplifier, transmit power amplifier, and switching for a specific wireless band.


Miscellaneous RF ICs and modules such as synthesizer modules and frequency sources that fit no standard RF function category.


Frequency-translation mixer ICs that combine an RF signal with a local oscillator to produce sum/difference frequencies, specified by conversion gain and linearity.


ICs that impress baseband information onto an RF carrier, including I/Q and quadrature modulators for transmitter chains.


Frequency-domain multiplexer components (diplexers, triplexers) that combine or separate multiple RF bands onto one antenna path.


Closed-loop controller ICs that regulate RF power amplifier output level based on detected power feedback.


Passive components that split one RF signal into equal-amplitude outputs or combine several, specified by frequency range, ports, and insertion loss.


Complete boxed RF radio products with enclosures and connectors, ready to use rather than board-mount modules.


Receiver-only RF modules and ICs that demodulate incoming wireless signals to data output, specified by frequency, sensitivity, and interface.


Board-level metal shielding cans and frames that solder over circuit sections to contain or exclude electromagnetic interference.


Solid-state RF signal routing switch ICs (SPDT, SP4T, etc.) that select between antenna and signal paths, specified by frequency range, insertion loss, and isolation.


Single-chip radio transceiver ICs for protocols like Bluetooth, ZigBee, LoRa, and sub-GHz links, requiring external antenna and host control.


Complete board-mount radio modules with transceiver IC, matching, and often antenna integrated and pre-certified for drop-in wireless connectivity.


Transmit-only RF ICs and modules that modulate data onto a carrier for one-way wireless links, specified by frequency range, data rate, and supply.


Conductive beryllium-copper fingerstock strips, spring contacts, and EMI gaskets that maintain shielding continuity across enclosure seams.


Conductive fabrics, foils, absorber sheets, and shielding tapes applied to enclosures and cables to block or absorb electromagnetic radiation.


Tuned antenna coils and PCB/SMD antennas for RFID and NFC frequencies (125kHz, 13.56MHz, UHF), specified by frequency and inductance.


Complete reader/writer modules with RF front end and protocol handling that communicate with RFID tags over a host interface.


Passive RFID tag and transponder components (inlays, discs, glass capsules) that store an ID readable over the air, specified by frequency and protocol.


NFC/RFID front-end and secure access ICs implementing ISO 14443/15693/18000 protocols for reader and tag-side card functions.


Subscriber identity module cards in standard, micro, nano, and solderable MFF2 formats that authenticate devices on cellular networks.

Nano SIM 4FF Industrial Grade -40 to +105°C

Triple-Cut SIM 2FF/3FF/4FF Commercial Grade


Sensors that measure the color content of light or surfaces by sensing multiple wavelength channels (typically RGB or spectral bands).

RGB Color Sensor I2C 16-bit with IR Filter DFN-6

RGBW Light/Color Sensor I2C 2.7-3.6V LGA-8


Board-mount color sensor ICs with integrated photodiode arrays and filters that report RGB or spectral readings over a digital interface.

Color Sensor IC 4-Channel RGBC I2C DFN-6


Hall-effect and shunt-based current sensing ICs that output a signal proportional to measured current, specified by current range, sensitivity, and isolation.


Industrial transmitter instruments that measure the pressure difference between two ports and output a standardized process signal such as 4-20mA.


Rotary and linear encoder sensor components that translate mechanical motion into digital position or pulse signals.


Float switches and level sensing devices that detect liquid level via buoyant actuators, capacitive, or optical principles.


Sensors that measure liquid or gas flow rate via turbine, thermal, or differential techniques, producing pulse or analog outputs.


Force-sensitive resistors, load cells, and force transducers that convert applied mechanical force or weight into an electrical signal.


Chemical gas detection elements (MOS, electrochemical, catalytic) that respond to target gases such as flammables, CO, or VOCs, specified by gas type and range.


Relative humidity sensors, usually with integrated temperature sensing and digital interfaces, specified by RH accuracy, range, and interface.


Integrated infrared transceiver modules implementing the IrDA standard for short-range optical data links, specified by data rate and range.


Electromechanical LVDT position transducers that measure linear displacement via differential transformer coupling with high resolution.


Sensors that detect magnetic fields, including Hall-effect switches and latches, magnetometer ICs, and reed-based sensing devices.

Hall Effect Switch Unipolar 3.5mT Open-Drain SOT-23


Board-level compass and magnetic field sensing modules integrating magnetometer ICs with supporting circuitry.


Linear Hall-effect and electronic compass magnetometer ICs that output analog or digital field measurements for position and heading sensing.


Complete sensing modules that detect position, proximity, or rotational speed using magnetic or inductive principles.


Digital-output Hall-effect switch and latch ICs that toggle at defined magnetic thresholds, specified by polarity behavior, threshold, and output type.


Permanent magnet components used as actuation targets and field sources for magnetic sensors and mechanical holding.

Neodymium Disc Magnet 6x2mm N35 Nickel Plated


General-purpose permanent magnets in disc, ring, and block shapes for sensor triggering, mounting, and holding applications.

Neodymium Ring Magnet 10x5x2mm N35 Nickel


Inertial and motion detection sensors including accelerometers, gyroscopes, IMUs, tilt switches, and vibration sensors.

3-Axis Accelerometer ±2/4/8g I2C/SPI LGA-12

Vibration Sensor Spring Type Normally Open SMD


MEMS acceleration sensor ICs measuring static and dynamic acceleration on up to three axes, specified by g-range, resolution, and interface.


MEMS angular rate sensor ICs that measure rotation speed around one to three axes, specified by range in dps and interface.


Combined inertial sensor ICs integrating multi-axis accelerometer and gyroscope (sometimes magnetometer) in one package for motion tracking.


Tilt-angle measurement sensor ICs that report inclination relative to gravity with high accuracy over a digital interface.


Optical motion detection sensors, including PIR elements and optical navigation sensors, that register movement via light changes.


Simple mechanical ball or metal-contact switches that open or close when tilted past a threshold angle.


Spring-mass and piezoelectric elements that produce contact closure or charge output in response to vibration and shock.


Combination sensor ICs and modules integrating multiple sensing functions (e.g. IMU plus temperature or environmental combos) in one device.


Light-based sensing components including photodiodes, phototransistors, ambient light sensors, photointerrupters, and reflective sensors.

Ambient Light Sensor I2C 0.01-83k lux DFN-6

Slot Photointerrupter 5mm Gap Transistor Output DIP-4


Digital ambient light, infrared, and UV intensity sensor ICs that measure illumination levels over I2C for display and environmental control.


Complete camera modules integrating an image sensor, lens, and interface electronics for embedded vision applications.


Time-of-flight, ultrasonic, and IR triangulation modules that measure the distance to a target and report it electronically.


CMOS and CCD image sensor chips that convert optical images into electronic signals, specified by resolution, pixel size, and optical format.


Cadmium sulfide photoconductive cells whose resistance drops with light intensity, used for simple ambient light detection.


Light detector components with built-in comparator or Schmitt circuitry providing clean digital high/low output based on light level.


Integrated IR receiver modules with photodiode, amplifier, and demodulator tuned to carrier frequencies (e.g. 38kHz) for remote control reception.


Semiconductor photodiode detectors that generate current proportional to incident light, specified by wavelength response, reverse voltage, and package.


Slotted optical switch sensors with digital logic output that signal when an object interrupts the beam across the gap.


Slotted optical switch sensors pairing an IR emitter with a phototransistor across a gap, giving analog transistor output when the beam is blocked.


Single-photon detection modules and photon counting instruments for ultra-low-light photonics measurement and quantum applications.


Light-sensitive transistors whose collector current increases with illumination, offering higher sensitivity than photodiodes, specified by wavelength and package.


Reflective optical sensor pairs (emitter plus detector facing the same direction) with raw analog output proportional to reflected light.


Reflective optical sensors with built-in signal conditioning that output a digital logic level when a reflective target is detected.


Optical particle counting sensors that measure airborne dust and particulate concentration via light scattering.


Calibrated particulate matter measurement instruments that report PM1.0/PM2.5/PM10 concentrations over standardized outputs.


Light-dependent resistors whose resistance decreases with illumination, specified by light/dark resistance and peak spectral response.

LDR 5-10kΩ Light 1MΩ Dark 540nm 5mm
LDR 10-20kΩ Light 2MΩ Dark 560nm 12mm
LDR 20-30kΩ Light 5MΩ Dark 540nm 5mm


Sensors that measure linear or angular position, including position-sensing potentiometers, magnetic angle sensor ICs, and displacement transducers.

Magnetic Rotary Angle Sensor 12-bit SPI SOIC-8

Linear Position Potentiometer 10kΩ 100mm Travel

Inductive Position Sensor IC 360° I2C TSSOP-16


Precision potentiometric and sensor elements that convert shaft angle or linear travel into a proportional resistance or voltage.


MEMS and piezoresistive pressure sensor components that convert absolute, gauge, or differential pressure into electrical output, specified by range and interface.


Industrial pressure transmitter instruments with threaded process connections that output standardized 4-20mA or voltage signals proportional to pressure.


Non-contact detection sensors (inductive, capacitive, magnetic) that signal the presence of nearby objects without physical contact.


Complete packaged proximity and occupancy detector units, such as PIR occupancy sensors, ready for installation rather than board mounting.


Multi-beam infrared safety curtain transmitter/receiver pairs that stop machinery when the protected plane is interrupted.


Supporting parts for sensor cabling such as connector caps, mounting clips, and replacement seals.


Pre-terminated cables with sensor-style connectors (e.g. M8/M12) for connecting industrial sensors to control systems.


Multi-port distribution blocks that aggregate several sensor connections into a single trunk cable back to the controller.


Supporting hardware for sensors and transducers such as mounting brackets, protective covers, and calibration fixtures.


Signal conditioning amplifier units that boost and standardize low-level transducer outputs (e.g. strain gauge bridges) for measurement systems.


Sensors that detect sudden mechanical impact or shock events, producing a contact closure or signal above a g-threshold.


Uncommon sensing devices for niche measurements that don't fit standard sensor categories.


Resistive strain measurement elements and strain-sensing ICs whose output changes with mechanical deformation of the mounting surface.


Temperature measurement components spanning silicon sensor ICs, NTC/PTC thermistors, RTDs, and thermocouple probes.

Digital Temp Sensor ±0.5°C I2C -40 to +125°C SOT-23-6

Pt100 RTD Element Class A -50 to +300°C SIP-2


Silicon temperature sensor ICs with analog voltage or digital bus outputs, specified by accuracy, range, and interface.


Negative temperature coefficient thermistors whose resistance falls with temperature, specified by nominal resistance, B-value, and tolerance.


Positive temperature coefficient thermistors whose resistance rises with temperature, used for sensing, self-regulating heating, and protection.


Platinum and thin-film resistance temperature detector elements offering accurate, linear resistance-temperature response over wide ranges.


Thermocouple junction probes and thermopile sensing devices that measure temperature via thermoelectric voltage, including non-contact IR types.


Bimetallic snap-action thermal switches that open or close contacts at a fixed temperature for control and overheat protection.


Temperature switch ICs with programmable or fixed trip thresholds that assert a logic output when temperature crosses the setpoint.


Capacitive touch sensing ICs and touch key components that detect finger proximity or contact on electrodes.


Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer elements and driver ICs that emit and detect ultrasonic waves for ranging and presence sensing.


General supporting parts for switches such as caps, hardware, and replacement components not tied to a specific switch family.


Sealing boots and gaskets that fit over toggle and pushbutton switch bushings to keep out dust and moisture.


Snap-on actuator caps in various colors and shapes that fit tactile, pushbutton, and slide switch stems.


Switching units that automatically transfer a load between primary and backup power sources when the primary supply fails.


Safety switches actuated by tension on a pull cable, used for emergency stop along conveyor lines and machine perimeters.


Modular components of build-to-order panel switch systems (operators, contact blocks, lamps, lenses) that assemble into complete control switches.

Momentary Pushbutton Operator 22mm Flush Red IP65

Contact Block 1NO+1NC 10A 600V Screw Terminal

LED Illumination Block 24V White for 22mm Operator


Operator body units of modular control switches — the panel-mounted actuator mechanism onto which contact blocks and lamps are assembled.


Snap-on NO/NC contact modules that attach behind modular switch operator bodies to provide the electrical switching elements.


LED and incandescent lamp modules that install inside modular switch assemblies to illuminate the actuator.


Colored lens and button-face inserts that fit modular switch operators to set the illuminated appearance and legend.


Multi-position miniature switch packages in DIP or SIP formats with individual slide or rocker actuators for board-level configuration settings.


Component parts of load disconnect switch systems such as handles, shafts, and terminal shields.


Red mushroom-head latching safety switches that cut machine power when struck and require deliberate reset, per machine safety standards.


Pedal-operated switch units that allow hands-free momentary or latching control of equipment.


Detection switches that sense the presence or position of doors, covers, and mating parts to enable or interrupt circuits, often miniature SMD types.


Rotary switches operated by a removable key to restrict actuation to authorized users, specified by positions and contact rating.


Snap-action mechanical switches with lever, roller, or plunger actuators that detect the physical end-of-travel position of moving machine parts.


Hermetically sealed reed switch elements whose contacts close in the presence of a magnetic field, used for proximity and position detection.


Snap-action metal dome contact elements and dome arrays that provide tactile click feedback in membrane keypads and button assemblies.

Metal Dome 4-Leg 8.4mm 250gf Snap Disc
Metal Dome Array Sheet 12-Key 5mm 180gf
Round Metal Dome 6mm 320gf Tactile


Multi-directional navigation switches and miniature joystick components providing 4/5-way directional input plus center push for menu control.


Momentary and latching button-actuated switches in panel and board mount styles, specified by contact configuration, rating, and actuator style.


Contactless pushbutton switches using Hall-effect sensing instead of mechanical contacts for extremely long operating life.


Seesaw-actuated panel switches that rock between positions, commonly mains-rated for equipment power switching.


Multi-position switches operated by shaft rotation that select among several circuits, specified by positions, poles, and indexing angle.


Multi-position selector switch components, including miniature SMD types, that choose between operating modes or circuits.


Linear-actuated switches with a sliding knob that moves between contact positions, specified by circuit configuration, rating, and travel.


Momentary snap-action button switches with tactile click feedback for board-level user input, specified by actuation force, travel, and footprint.


Digit-selection switches operated by a rotating wheel that outputs BCD or decimal codes for numeric setting entry.


Lever-actuated switches that flip between maintained positions, specified by contact configuration, current/voltage rating, and bushing mount.


Impedance-matching and coupling transformers for audio-frequency signals, providing isolation and level transformation across the audible band.


Sense transformers whose secondary current is a fixed fraction of the measured primary current, used for AC current monitoring, specified by turns ratio and current.


Mains-frequency transformers and autotransformers that step voltage up or down or provide galvanic isolation between AC circuits.


Voltage-sensing instrument transformers that scale high AC voltages down to safe measurable levels for metering circuits.


Line-frequency laminated-core transformers that convert mains AC to lower secondary voltages for power supplies, specified by VA rating and secondary voltages.

Power Transformer 230V to 2x12V 10VA PCB Mount

Toroidal Transformer 115/230V to 2x18V 50VA


Small wideband transformers that couple fast pulses and data signals, including Ethernet LAN magnetics and gate-drive pulse transformers.


Transformers built for niche functions such as ignition, CCFL inverter, and instrument applications that fit no standard transformer category.


Ferrite-core high-frequency transformers designed for switch-mode power supply topologies like flyback and forward converters, specified by turns ratio, power, and core size.

Flyback Transformer EE16 5W 85-265VAC to 5V

Forward Transformer EE25 30W 3.3V/5V Dual Output